Function:Ionotropic glutamate receptor. L-glutamate acts as an excitatory neurotransmitter at many synapses in the central nervous system. Binding of the excitatory neurotransmitter L-glutamate induces a conformation change , leading to the opening of the cation channel , and thereby converts the chemical signal to an electrical impulse. The receptor then desensitizes rapidly and enters a transient inactive state , characterized by the presence of bound agonist. ,miscellaneous:The postsynaptic actions of Glu are mediated by a variety of receptors that are named according to their selective agonists. This receptor binds AMPA (quisqualate) > glutamate > kainate. ,PTM:Palmitoylated. Depalmitoylated upon glutamate stimulation. Cys-610 palmitoylation leads to Golgi retention and decreased cell surface expression. In contrast , Cys-836 palmitoylation does not affect cell surface expression but regulates stimulation-dependent endocytosis. ,RNA editing:Partially edited. Fully edited in the brain. Heteromerically expressed edited GLUR2 (R) receptor complexes are impermeable to calcium , whereas the unedited (Q) forms are highly permeable to divalent ions. ,similarity:Belongs to the glutamate-gated ion channel (TC 1.A.10) family. ,subunit:Homotetramer or heterotetramer of pore-forming glutamate receptor subunits. Tetramers may be formed by the dimerization of dimers. May interact with MPP4. Forms a ternary complex with GRIP1 and CSPG4. Interacts with PRKCABP , GRIP1 and GRIP2. ,
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