The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the S100 family of proteins containing 2 EF-hand calcium-binding motifs. S100 proteins are localized in the cytoplasm and/or nucleus of a wide range of cells , and involved in the regulation of a number of cellular processes such as cell cycle progression and differentiation. S100 genes include at least 13 members which are located as a cluster on chromosome 1q21; however , this gene is located at 21q22.3. This protein may function in Neurite extension , proliferation of melanoma cells , stimulation of Ca2+ fluxes , inhibition of PKC-mediated phosphorylation , astrocytosis and axonal proliferation , and inhibition of microtubule assembly. Chromosomal rearrangements and altered expression of this gene have been implicated in several neurological , neoplastic , and other types of diseases , including Alzheimer's disease , Down's syndrome , epilepsy
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