The antiserum was produced against synthesized peptide derived from human RAD21. AA range:521-570

Rad21 Polyclonal Antibody detects endogenous levels of Rad21 protein.

RAD21

Double-strand-break repair protein rad21 homolog

RAD21 ;
HR21 ;
KIAA0078 ;
NXP1 ;
Double-strand-break repair protein rad21 homolog ;
hHR21 ;
Nuclear matrix protein 1 ;
NXP-1 ;
SCC1 homolog

The protein encoded by this gene is highly similar to the gene product of Schizosaccharomyces pombe rad21 , a gene involved in the repair of DNA double-strand breaks , as well as in chromatid cohesion during mitosis. This protein is a nuclear phospho-protein , which becomes hyperphosphorylated in cell cycle M phase. The highly regulated association of this protein with mitotic chromatin specifically at the centromere region suggests its role in sister chromatid cohesion in mitotic cells. [provided by RefSeq , Jul 2008] ,

Domain:The C-terminal part associates with the head of SMC1A , while the N-terminal part binds to the head of SMC3. ,Function:Cleavable component of the cohesin complex , involved in chromosome cohesion during cell cycle , in DNA repair , and in apoptosis. The cohesin complex is required for the cohesion of sister chromatids after DNA replication. The cohesin complex apparently forms a large proteinaceous ring within which sister chromatids can be trapped. At metaphase-anaphase transition , this protein is cleaved by separase/ESPL1 and dissociates from chromatin , allowing sister chromatids to segregate. The cohesin complex may also play a role in spindle pole assembly during mitosis. Also plays a role in apoptosis , via its cleavage by caspase-3/CASP3 or caspase-7/CASP7 during early steps of apoptosis: the C-terminal 64 kDa cleavage product may act as a nuclear signal to initiate cytoplasmic events involved in the apoptotic pathway. ,polymorphism:Some radiosensitive cancer patients seem to have Arg-481 instead of the conserved Gly-481. It may be that this mutation could contribute to radiosensitivity. ,PTM:Cleaved by separase/ESPL1 at the onset of anaphase. Cleaved by caspase-3 and caspase-7 at the beginning of apoptosis. The cleavage by ESPL1 and caspase-3 take place at different sites. ,PTM:Phosphorylated; becomes hyperphosphorylated in M phase of cell cycle. The large dissociation of cohesin from chromosome arms during prophase may be partly due to its phosphorylation by PLK. ,similarity:Belongs to the rad21 family. ,subcellular location:Associates with chromatin. Before prophase it is scattered along chromosome arms. During prophase , most of cohesin complexes dissociate from chromatin probably because of phosphorylation by PLK , except at centromeres , where cohesin complexes remain. At anaphase , it is cleaved by separase/ESPL1 , leading to the dissociation of the complex from chromosomes , allowing chromosome separation. Once cleaved by caspase-3 , the C-terminal 64 kDa cleavage product translocates to the cytoplasm , where it may trigger apoptosis. ,subunit:Cohesin complexes are composed of the SMC1 (SMC1A or SMC1B) and SMC3 heterodimer attached via their hinge domain , RAD21 which link them , and one STAG protein (STAG1 , STAG2 or STAG3) , which interacts with RAD21. Found in a complex with SMC1A , SMC3 , CDCA5 , PDS5A/APRIN and PDS5B/SCC-112. ,

[Double-strand-break repair protein rad21 homolog]: Nucleus . Nucleus matrix . Chromosome . Chromosome , centromere . Cytoplasm , cytoskeleton , spindle pole . Associates with chromatin (PubMed:11590136 , PubMed:11073952) . Before prophase , scattered along chromosome arms (PubMed:11073952) . During prophase and prometaphase , most cohesins dissociate from the arms of condensing chromosome , possibly through PLK1-mediated phosphorylation (PubMed:11931760) . A small amount of cohesin remains in centromeric regions and is removed from chromosomes only at the onset of anaphase. At anaphase , cleavage by separase/ESPL1 leads to the dissociation of cohesin from chromosomes and chromosome separation (PubMed:11073952 , PubMed:11509732) . .; [64-kDa C-terminal product]: Cytoplasm , cytosol . Nucleus .

>>Cell cycle