hydroxysteroid 17-beta dehydrogenase 1 (HSD17B1) Homo sapiens This gene encodes a member of the 17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase family of short-chain dehydrogenases/reductases. It has a dual function in estrogen activation and androgen inactivation and plays a major role in establishing the estrogen E2 concentration gradient between serum and peripheral tissues. The encoded protein catalyzes the last step in estrogen activation , using NADPH to convert estrogens E1 and E2 and androgens like 4-androstenedione , to testosterone. It has an N-terminal short-chain dehydrogenase domain with a cofactor binding site , and a narrow , hydrophobic C-terminal domain with a steroid substrate binding site. This gene is expressed primarily in the placenta and ovarian granulosa cells , and to a lesser extent , in the endometrium , adipose tissue , and prostate. Polymorphisms in this gene have been linked to breast and prostate cancer. A pseudogene of this gene has
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