EIF2S1

Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit 1 ;
Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit alpha ;
eIF-2-alpha ;
eIF-2A ;
eIF-2alpha ;

function:Functions in the early steps of protein synthesis by forming a ternary complex with GTP and initiator tRNA. This complex binds to a 40S ribosomal subunit , followed by mRNA binding to form a 43S preinitiation complex. Junction of the 60S ribosomal subunit to form the 80S initiation complex is preceded by hydrolysis of the GTP bound to eIF-2 and release of an eIF-2-GDP binary complex. In order for eIF-2 to recycle and catalyze another round of initiation , the GDP bound to eIF-2 must exchange with GTP by way of a reaction catalyzed by eIF-2B. ,PTM:Substrate for at least 4 kinases: EIF2AK3/PERK , GCN2 , HRI and PKR. Phosphorylation stabilizes the eIF-2/GDP/eIF-2B complex and prevents GDP/GTP exchange reaction , thus impairing the recycling of eIF-2 between successive rounds of initiation and leading to global inhibition of translation. In case of infection by vaccinia virus or rotavirus A , eIF2S1 phosphorylation state is modulated. ,similarity:Belongs to the eIF-2-alpha family. ,similarity:Contains 1 S1 motif domain. ,subunit:Heterotrimer composed of an alpha , a beta and a gamma chain. Component of an EIF2 complex at least composed of CUGBP1 , CALR , CALR3 , EIF2S1 , EIF2S2 , HSP90B1 and HSPA5. ,

translation , regulation of translation , regulation of translational initiation , protein amino acid phosphorylation ,phosphorus metabolic process , phosphate metabolic process , posttranscriptional regulation of gene expression ,phosphorylation , regulation of cellular protein metabolic process , cellular response to stress , regulation of translation in response to stress , regulation of translational initiation in response to stress , protein amino acid autophosphorylation ,

Cytoplasm , Stress granule . Colocalizes with NANOS3 in the stress granules. .