Detects endogenous levels of ABL1 protein only when phosphorylated at Y393, Abl2 protein only when phosphorylated at Y439.

ABL1/ABL2

ABL1 ;
ABL ;
JTK7 ;
Tyrosine-protein kinase ABL1 ;
Abelson murine leukemia viral oncogene homolog 1 ;
Abelson tyrosine-protein kinase 1 ;
Proto-oncogene c-Abl ;
p150 ;
ABL2 ;
ABLL ;
ARG ;
Abelson tyrosine-protein kinase 2 ;
Abelson murine leukemia vira

This gene is a protooncogene that encodes a protein tyrosine kinase involved in a variety of cellular processes , including cell division , adhesion , differentiation , and response to stress. The activity of the protein is negatively regulated by its SH3 domain , whereby deletion of the region encoding this domain results in an oncogene. The ubiquitously expressed protein has DNA-binding activity that is regulated by CDC2-mediated phosphorylation , suggesting a cell cycle function. This gene has been found fused to a variety of translocation partner genes in various leukemias , most notably the t (9;22) translocation that results in a fusion with the 5' end of the breakpoint cluster region gene (BCR; MIM:151410) . Alternative splicing of this gene results in two transcript variants , which contain alternative first exons that are spliced to the remaining common exons. [pr

Catalytic activity:ATP + a [protein]-L-tyrosine = ADP + a [protein]-L-tyrosine phosphate. ,cofactor:Magnesium or manganese. ,Disease:A chromosomal aberration involving ABL1 is a cause of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) [MIM:608232]. Translocation t (9;22) (q34;q11) with BCR. The translocation produces a BCR-ABL found also in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) . ,enzyme regulation:Stabilized in the inactive form by an association between the SH3 domain and the SH2-TK linker region , interactions of the amino-terminal cap , and contributions from an amino-terminal myristoyl group and phospholipids. Activated by autophosphorylation as well as by SRC-family kinase-mediated phosphorylation. Activated by RIN1 binding to the SH2 and SH3 domains. Inhibited by imatinib mesylate (Gleevec) which is used for the treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) . ,Function:Regulates cytoskeleton remodeling during cell differentiation , cell division and cell adhesion. Localizes to dynamic actin structures , and phosphorylates CRK and CRKL , DOK1 , and other proteins controlling cytoskeleton dynamics. Regulates DNA repair potentially by activating the proapoptotic pathway when the DNA damage is too severe to be repaired. ,online information:Abl entry ,PTM:Phosphorylated by PRKDC (By similarity) . DNA damage-induced activation of c-Abl requires the function of ATM and Ser-446 phosphorylation. Isoform IB is myristoylated on Gly-2. Phosphorylation on Thr-735 is required for binding 14-3-3 proteins for cytoplasmic translocation. ,similarity:Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Tyr protein kinase family. ,similarity:Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Tyr protein kinase family. ABL subfamily. ,similarity:Contains 1 protein kinase domain. ,similarity:Contains 1 SH2 domain. ,similarity:Contains 1 SH3 domain. ,subcellular location:The myristoylated c-ABL protein is reported to be nuclear. Sequestered into the cytoplasm through interaction with 14-3-3 proteins. ,subunit:Interacts with SORBS1 following insulin stimulation. Found in a trimolecular complex containing CDK5 and CABLES1. Interacts with CABLES1 and PSTPIP1. Interacts with ZDHHC16 (By similarity) . Interacts with INPPL1/SHIP2. Interacts with the 14-3-3 proteins , YWHAB , YWHAE , YWHAG , YWHAH , SFN AND YWHAZ; the interaction with 14-3-3 proteins requires phosphorylation on Thr-735 and , sequesters ABL1 into the cytoplasm. ,tissue specificity:Widely expressed. ,

ABL1: Cytoplasm > cytoskeleton. Nucleus. Sequestered into the cytoplasm through interaction with 14-3-3 proteins and Nucleus membrane. The myristoylated c-ABL protein is reported to be nuclear. ABL2: Cytoplasm , cytoskeleton.

>>ErbB signaling pathway ;
>>Ras signaling pathway ;
>>Cell cycle ;
>>Axon guidance ;
>>Neurotrophin signaling pathway ;
>>Pathogenic Escherichia coli infection ;
>>Pathways in cancer ;
>>MicroRNAs in cancer ;
>>Chemical carcinogenesis - reactive oxygen species ;
>>Chronic myeloid leukemia ;
>>Viral myocarditis