CYP19A1

Cytochrome P450 19A1 ;
Aromatase ;
CYPXIX ;
Cytochrome P-450AROM ;
Estrogen synthase ;

catalytic activity:RH + reduced flavoprotein + O(2) = ROH + oxidized flavoprotein + H(2)O.,cofactor:Heme group.,disease:Defects in CYP19A1 are a cause of familial gynecomastia [MIM:139300]. This is characterized by an estrogen excess due to an increased aromatase activity.,disease:Defects in CYP19A1 are the cause of aromatase deficiency (AROD) [MIM:107910]. AROD is a rare disease in which fetal androgens are not converted into estrogens due to placental aromatase deficiency. Thus, pregnant women exhibit a hirsutism, which spontaneously resolves after post-partum. At birth, female babies present with pseudohermaphroditism due to virilization of extern genital organs. In adult females, manifestations include delay of puberty, breast hypoplasia and primary amenorrhoea with multicystic ovaries.,function:Catalyzes the formation of aromatic C18 estrogens from C19 androgens.,online information:Aromatase entry,similarity:Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family.,tissue specificity:Brain, placenta and gonads.,

steroid biosynthetic process, steroid metabolic process, lipid biosynthetic process, oxidation reduction,

Endoplasmic reticulum membrane ; Multi-pass membrane protein . Microsome membrane ; Multi-pass membrane protein .

Widely expressed, including in adult and fetal brain, placenta, skin fibroblasts, adipose tissue and gonads.