EIF2S1

Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit 1 ;
Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit alpha ;
eIF-2-alpha ;
eIF-2A ;
eIF-2alpha ;

function:Functions in the early steps of protein synthesis by forming a ternary complex with GTP and initiator tRNA. This complex binds to a 40S ribosomal subunit, followed by mRNA binding to form a 43S preinitiation complex. Junction of the 60S ribosomal subunit to form the 80S initiation complex is preceded by hydrolysis of the GTP bound to eIF-2 and release of an eIF-2-GDP binary complex. In order for eIF-2 to recycle and catalyze another round of initiation, the GDP bound to eIF-2 must exchange with GTP by way of a reaction catalyzed by eIF-2B.,PTM:Substrate for at least 4 kinases: EIF2AK3/PERK, GCN2, HRI and PKR. Phosphorylation stabilizes the eIF-2/GDP/eIF-2B complex and prevents GDP/GTP exchange reaction, thus impairing the recycling of eIF-2 between successive rounds of initiation and leading to global inhibition of translation. In case of infection by vaccinia virus or rotavirus A, eIF2S1 phosphorylation state is modulated.,similarity:Belongs to the eIF-2-alpha family.,similarity:Contains 1 S1 motif domain.,subunit:Heterotrimer composed of an alpha, a beta and a gamma chain. Component of an EIF2 complex at least composed of CUGBP1, CALR, CALR3, EIF2S1, EIF2S2, HSP90B1 and HSPA5.,

translation, regulation of translation, regulation of translational initiation, protein amino acid phosphorylation,phosphorus metabolic process, phosphate metabolic process, posttranscriptional regulation of gene expression,phosphorylation, regulation of cellular protein metabolic process, cellular response to stress, regulation of translation in response to stress, regulation of translational initiation in response to stress, protein amino acid autophosphorylation,

Cytoplasm, Stress granule . Colocalizes with NANOS3 in the stress granules. .