Function:Mediates the nuclear export of cellular proteins (cargos) bearing a leucine-rich nuclear export signal (NES) and of RNAs. In the nucleus , in association with RANBP3 , binds cooperatively to the NES on its target protein and to the GTPase RAN in its active GTP-bound form (Ran-GTP) . Docking of this complex to the nuclear pore complex (NPC) is mediated through binding to nucleoporins. Upon transit of an nuclear export complex into the cytoplasm , disassembling of the complex and hydrolysis of Ran-GTP to Ran-GDP (induced by RANBP1 and RANGAP1 , respectively) cause release of the cargo from the export receptor. The directionality of nuclear export is thought to be conferred by an asymmetric distribution of the GTP- and GDP-bound forms of Ran between the cytoplasm and nucleus. Involved in U3 snoRNA transport from Cajal bodies to nucleoli. Binds to late precursor U3 snoRNA bearing a TMG cap. Several viruses , among them HIV-1 , HTLV-1 and influenza A use it to export their unspliced or incompletely spliced RNAs out of the nucleus. Interacts with , and mediates the nuclear export of HIV-1 Rev and HTLV-1 Rex proteins. Involved in HTLV-1 Rex multimerization. ,miscellaneous:Cellular target of leptomycin B (LMB) , a XPO1/CRM1 nuclear export inhibitor. ,PTM:Phosphorylated upon DNA damage , probably by ATM or ATR. ,similarity:Belongs to the exportin family. ,similarity:Contains 1 importin N-terminal domain. ,similarity:Contains 10 HEAT repeats. ,subcellular location:Located in the nucleoplasm , Cajal bodies and nucleoli. Shuttles between the nucleus/nucleolus and the cytoplasm. ,subunit:Found in a U snRNA export complex with RNUXA/PHAX , NCBP1 , NCBP2 , RAN , XPO1 and m7G-capped RNA (By similarity) . Component of a nuclear export receptor complex composed of KPNB1 , RAN , SNUPN and XPO1. Found in a trimeric export complex with SNUPN , RAN and XPO1. Found in a nuclear export complex with RANBP3 and RAN. Found in a 60S ribosomal subunit export complex with NMD3 , RAN , XPO1. Interacts with DDX3X , NMD3 , NUPL2 , NUP88 , NUP214 and RANBP3. Also found in complex with several viral proteins involved in RNAs' nuclear export like HIV-1 Rev and HTLV-1 Rex. Interacts presumably with influenza A nucleoprotein. Interacts with Epstein-Barr virus BMLF1. ,tissue specificity:Expressed in heart , brain , placenta , lung , liver , skeletal muscle , pancreas , spleen , thymus , prostate , testis , ovary , small intestine , colon and peripheral blood leukocytes. Not expressed in the kidney. ,
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