Catalytic activity:ATP + a protein = ADP + a phosphoprotein. ,cofactor:Binds 2 magnesium ions. ,Domain:The TXY motif contains the threonine and tyrosine residues whose phosphorylation activates the MAP kinases. ,enzyme regulation:Activated by phosphorylation on threonine and tyrosine. ,Function:Responds to activation by environmental stress and pro-inflammatory cytokines by phosphorylating downstream targets. Plays a role in myoblast differentiation and also in the down-regulation of cyclin D1 in response to hypoxia in adrenal cells suggesting MAPK12 may inhibit cell proliferation while promoting differentiation. ,PTM:Dually phosphorylated on Thr-183 and Tyr-185 , which activates the enzyme. ,similarity:Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. CMGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family. MAP kinase subfamily. ,similarity:Contains 1 protein kinase domain. ,subcellular location:Mitochondrial when associated with SH3BP5. ,subunit:Monomer. Interacts with the PDZ domain of the syntrophin SNTA1. Interacts with SH3BP5. ,tissue specificity:Highly expressed in skeletal muscle and heart. ,
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