Catalytic activity:ATP + a protein = ADP + a phosphoprotein. ,cofactor:Magnesium. ,enzyme regulation:Homodimerization via the leucine zipper domains is required for autophosphorylation and subsequent activation. ,Function:Activates the JUN N-terminal pathway. Required for serum-stimulated cell proliferation and for mitogen and cytokine activation of MAPK14 (p38) , MAPK3 (ERK) and MAPK8 (JNK1) . Plays a role in mitogen-stimulated phosphorylation and activation of BRAF , but does not phosphorylate BRAF directly. Influences microtubule organization during the cell cycle. ,PTM:Autophosphorylation on serine and threonine residues within the activation loop plays a role in enzyme activation. Thr-277 is likely to be the main autophosphorylation site. Phosphorylation of Ser-555 and Ser-556 is induced by CDC42. ,similarity:Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. STE Ser/Thr protein kinase family. MAP kinase kinase kinase subfamily. ,similarity:Contains 1 protein kinase domain. ,similarity:Contains 1 SH3 domain. ,subcellular location:Location is cell cycle dependent. ,subunit:Homodimer; undergoes dimerization during activation. ,tissue specificity:Expressed in a wide variety of normal and neoplastic tissues including fetal lung , liver , heart and kidney , and adult lung , liver , heart , kidney , placenta , skeletal muscle , pancreas and brain. ,
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