The antiserum was produced against synthesized peptide derived from human PAK2 around the phosphorylation site of Ser141. AA range:107-156

Phospho-PAKγ (S141) Polyclonal Antibody detects endogenous levels of PAKγ protein only when phosphorylated at S141.The name of modified sites may be influenced by many factors, such as species (the modified site was not originally found in human samples) and the change of protein sequence (the previous protein sequence is incomplete, and the protein sequence may be prolonged with the development of protein sequencing technology). When naming, we will use the "numbers" in historical reference to keep the sites consistent with the reports. The antibody binds to the following modification sequence (lowercase letters are modification sites):YLsFT

PAK2

Serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 2

PAK2 ;
Serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 2 ;
Gamma-PAK ;
PAK65 ;
S6/H4 kinase ;
p21-activated kinase 2 ;
PAK-2 ;
p58

The p21 activated kinases (PAK) are critical effectors that link Rho GTPases to cytoskeleton reorganization and nuclear signaling. The PAK proteins are a family of serine/threonine kinases that serve as targets for the small GTP binding proteins , CDC42 and RAC1 , and have been implicated in a wide range of biological activities. The protein encoded by this gene is activated by proteolytic cleavage during caspase-mediated apoptosis , and may play a role in regulating the apoptotic events in the dying cell. [provided by RefSeq , Jul 2008] ,

Catalytic activity:ATP + a protein = ADP + a phosphoprotein. ,enzyme regulation:Activated by binding small G proteins. Binding of GTP-bound CDC42 or RAC1 to the autoregulatory region releases monomers from the autoinhibited dimer , enables phosphorylation of Thr-402 and allows the kinase domain to adopt an active structure (By similarity) . Following caspase cleavage , autophosphorylted PAK-2p34 is constitutively active. ,Function:The activated kinase acts on a variety of targets. Phosphorylates ribosomal protein S6 , histone H4 and myelin basic protein. Full length PAK 2 stimulates cell survival and cell growth. The process is , at least in part , mediated by phosphorylation and inhibition of pro-apoptotic BAD. Caspase-activated PAK-2p34 is involved in cell death response , probably involving the JNK signaling pathway. Cleaved PAK-2p34 seems to have a higher activity than the CDC42-activated form. ,PTM:During apoptosis proteolytically cleaved by caspase-3 or caspase-3-like proteases to yield active PAK-2p34. ,PTM:Full length PAK 2 is autophosphorylated when activated by CDC42/p21. Following cleavage , both peptides , PAK-2p27 and PAK-2p34 , become highly autophosphorylated , with PAK-2p27 being phosphorylated on serine and PAK-2p34 on threonine residues , respectively. Autophosphorylation of PAK-2p27 can occur in the absence of any effectors and is dependent on phosphorylation of Thr-402 , because PAK-2p27 is acting as an exogenous substrate. ,PTM:PAK-2p34 is myristoylated. ,PTM:Ubiquitinated , leading to its proteosomal degradation. ,similarity:Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. ,similarity:Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. STE Ser/Thr protein kinase family. STE20 subfamily. ,similarity:Contains 1 CRIB domain. ,similarity:Contains 1 protein kinase domain. ,subcellular location:Interaction with ARHGAP10 probably changes PAK-2p34 location to cytoplasmic perinuclear region. Myristoylation changes PAK-2p34 location to the membrane. ,subunit:Interacts tightly with GTP-bound but not GDP-bound CDC42/p21 and RAC1. Interacts with SH3MD4. Interacts with and activated by HIV-1 Nef. PAK-2p34 interacts with ARHGAP10. ,tissue specificity:Ubiquitously expressed. Higher levels seen in skeletal muscle , ovary , thymus and spleen. ,

[Serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 2]: Cytoplasm. MYO18A mediates the cellular distribution of the PAK2-ARHGEF7-GIT1 complex to the inner surface of the cell membrane.; [PAK-2p34]: Nucleus. Cytoplasm , perinuclear region. Membrane; Lipid-anchor. Interaction with ARHGAP10 probably changes PAK-2p34 location to cytoplasmic perinuclear region. Myristoylation changes PAK-2p34 location to the membrane.

>>MAPK signaling pathway ;
>>ErbB signaling pathway ;
>>Ras signaling pathway ;
>>Axon guidance ;
>>Focal adhesion ;
>>T cell receptor signaling pathway ;
>>Regulation of actin cytoskeleton ;
>>Pathogenic Escherichia coli infection ;
>>Human immunodeficiency virus 1 infection ;
>>Renal cell carcinoma