Catalytic activity:ATP + pyruvate = ADP + phosphoenolpyruvate. ,cofactor:Divalent metal cations. ,cofactor:Magnesium. ,cofactor:Potassium. ,enzyme regulation:Isoform M2 is allosterically activated by D-fructose 1 ,6-biphosphate (FBP) . Inhibited by oxalate and 3 ,3' ,5-triiodo-L-thyronine (T3) . ,Function:Glycolytic enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of a phosphoryl group from phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) to ADP , generating ATP. ,miscellaneous:There are 4 isozymes of pyruvate kinase in mammals: L , R , M1 and M2. L type is major isozyme in the liver , R is found in red cells , M1 is the main form in muscle , heart and brain , and M2 is found in early fetal tissues as well as in most cancer cells. ,online information:Pyruvate kinase entry ,pathway:Carbohydrate degradation; glycolysis; pyruvate from D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate: step 5/5. ,PTM:Phosphorylated upon DNA damage , probably by ATM or ATR. ,similarity:Belongs to the pyruvate kinase family. ,subunit:Monomer and homotetramer. Exists as a monomer in the absence of FBP , and reversibly associates to form a homotetramer in the presence of FBP. The monomeric form binds T3. Tetramer formation induces pyruvate kinase activity. Interacts with HERC1. ,
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